Housing data Tables(1901–2011)
NBO's Role in Filling the Data Gaps
Housing and building construction statistics is of prime importance in the fast developing economy.
Next to agriculture, construction is the major employment generator in the unorganised sector.
Any statistics generated on this will be of great use for deciding the policy and programmes of the government.
Recent past meltdown of the economy at global level as also in many less developed countries have been linked partially
to the 'developments' in the housing sector. A close watch in the movement of this sector is of national importance.
Any movement in this sector has powerful multiplier effects on the economy, operating through the inter-sectoral linkages
in the production system. NBO, suitably strengthened in terms of manpower and appropriate tools, can strive to bridge the data
gaps by taking up appropriate studies to assess the existing scenario and / or start building up the data base in conjunction
with the state governments.
Total, Rural & Urban Population and Level of Urbanization (Percentage) 1901–2011
| Year |
Total Population (in million) |
Rural Population |
Percentage Rural |
No. of Towns |
Urban Population |
Percentage Urban |
Growth in Urban (%) |
| 1901 | 238.4 | 212.6 | 89.2 | 1,916 | 25.8 | 10.8 | - |
| 1911 | 252.1 | 226.2 | 89.7 | 1,908 | 25.9 | 10.3 | 0.4 |
| 1921 | 251.3 | 223.2 | 88.8 | 2,048 | 28.1 | 11.2 | 8.5 |
| 1931 | 278.9 | 245.5 | 88.0 | 2,220 | 33.4 | 12.0 | 18.9 |
| 1941 | 318.6 | 274.5 | 86.2 | 2,427 | 44.1 | 13.9 | 32.0 |
| 1951 | 361.1 | 298.7 | 82.7 | 3,060 | 62.4 | 17.3 | 41.5 |
| 1961 | 439.2 | 360.3 | 82.0 | 2,700 | 78.9 | 18.0 | 26.4 |
| 1971 | 548.2 | 439.1 | 80.1 | 3,128 | 109.1 | 19.9 | 38.3 |
| 1981 | 683.3 | 523.8 | 76.7 | 4,029 | 159.5 | 23.3 | 46.2 |
| 1991* | 846.3 | 628.7 | 74.3 | 4,689 | 217.6 | 25.7 | 36.4 |
| 2001 | 1028.6 | 742.5 | 72.2 | 5,161 | 286.1 | 27.8 | 31.5 |
| 2011* | 1210.8 | 833.7 | 68.9 | 7,933 | 377.1 | 31.1 | 31.8 |
* Includes projected population of Jammu & Kashmir where 1991 census was not conducted.
@ Includes projected population of Assam where 1981 census was not conducted.
Trends in Total, Rural & Urban Population Growth: 1901–2011
Bar chart showing growth trends over census years.
Table 2 – Number of Statutory and Slum Reported Towns with Type Wise Slum Population (Census 2011)
| Area |
Statutory Towns |
Slum Reported Towns* |
Total Population |
Notified Slums |
Recognised Slums |
Identified Slums |
| All-India |
4041 |
2613 |
65494604 |
22355133 |
20131336 |
22828135 |
*Note: Including 19 Census Towns in NCT of Delhi and 1 (one) in Uttar Pradesh.
Source: Primary Census Abstract for Slum, Census of India, 2011
Table 3 – Growth Indicators for Slum Households as per Census 2011 (in million)
| Indicator |
Absolute |
Absolute Change (2001–11) |
Decadal Growth (%) |
| As per Census 2001 |
As per Census 2011 |
| Slum Households |
10.15 |
13.92 |
3.77 |
37.1 |
| Slum Household Size |
5.2 |
4.7 |
-0.5 |
- |
| Urban Households (Slum Reported Towns) |
43.56 |
62.79 |
19.24 |
44.2 |
| Urban Household Size (Slum Reported Towns) |
0.6 |
0.5 |
-0.1 |
- |
| Urban Households (All Towns) |
55.83 |
80.89 |
25.06 |
44.9 |
| Urban Household Size (All Towns) |
5.1 |
4.7 |
-0.4 |
- |
Source: Primary Census Abstract for Slum, Census of India, 2011
Growth Indicators for Slum Households (Graph)
Graph showing household growth in Census 2001 and 2011.
Table 4 – Population and Population Trends for Major Religious Groups in India (in million)
| Religious Group |
All India |
Urban |
| Population |
% in total Population |
Population |
% in Urban Population |
| Hindu | 966.26 | 79.80 | 282.16 | 74.82 |
| Muslim | 172.25 | 14.23 | 68.74 | 18.23 |
| Christian | 27.82 | 2.30 | 11.16 | 2.96 |
| Sikh | 20.83 | 1.72 | 5.90 | 1.57 |
| Buddhist | 8.44 | 0.70 | 3.63 | 0.96 |
| Jain | 4.45 | 0.37 | 3.55 | 0.94 |
| Other religions and | 7.94 | 0.66 | 0.74 | 0.20 |
| Religion not stated | 2.87 | 0.24 | 1.22 | 0.32 |
Source: C -1 Population by religious community, Census of India - 2011
Major Religious Groups in India as per Census 2011
Bar chart showing population by religious groups.
Table 5 – Migrants by place of birth in Census 2001 and 2011 in India (in million)
| Migrants by place of birth |
Census 2001 |
Census 2011 |
| Total Population | 1028.6 | 1210.9 |
| Total Migrants: | | |
| • Persons | 307.1 | 453.6 |
| • Male | 90.4 | 140.9 |
| • Female | 216.7 | 312.7 |
Note: # shows that total population including J&K.
Source: Provisional-Table D5- Migrants by place of last Residence, Age, Sex, Reasons for Migration and Duration of Residence, Census of India-2011.
Migrants by Place of Birth (Graph)
Table 6 – Percentage of Disabled Population by Sex and Residence in India during 2001 and 2011 Census (in million)
| Residence |
Percentage of Disabled Population by Sex and Residence in India during 2001 Census |
Percentage of Disabled Population by Sex and Residence in India during 2011 Census |
| Persons |
Male |
Female |
Persons |
Male |
Female |
| Total | 2.21 | 2.41 | 2.01 | 2.13 | 2.37 | 1.87 |
| Rural | 2.24 | 2.43 | 2.03 | 2.21 | 2.47 | 1.93 |
| Urban | 2.17 | 2.34 | 1.98 | 1.93 | 2.12 | 1.71 |
Source: Census Table C-20, Census of India
Percentage of Disabled Population by Sex in India during 2001 and 2011 Census
Table 7 – Distribution of Urban Housing Shortage among Different Economic Category - 2012
| Category |
Distribution of Housing Shortage among Different Economic Categories as on 2012 |
|
No. (in millions) |
In Percentage |
| EWS | 10.55 | 56.18 |
| LIG | 7.41 | 39.44 |
| MIG and above | 0.82 | 4.38 |
| Total | 18.78 | 100.00 |
Source: Report of the Technical Group (TG-12) on Urban Housing Shortage (2012-17), National Buildings Organisation, Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation.
Urban Housing Shortage among Different Economic Category - 2012
Table 8 – Number of Houseless Population and Households as per Census 2001 and 2011 (In Thousands)
| Category |
Houseless Population |
Houseless Households |
| Census 2001 |
Census 2011 |
Census 2001 |
Census 2011 |
| Total | 1944 | 1773 | 448 | 450 |
| Rural | 1165 | 835 | 260 | 193 |
| Urban | 779 | 938 | 188 | 257 |
Source: Primary Census Abstract: Houseless Population office of the Registrar General and Census
